Max J.Kapa, Peters O Bako dan Diana YL Serangmo
BULETIN LEGUME VOLUME 11 NOMOR 2, AGUSTUS 2004, FAPERTA UNDANA, KUPANG (9-15)
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa macam mulsa organik dan tingkat pemberian air terhadap beberapa sifat tanah, efisiensi penggunaan air dan hasil tanaman jagung, serta mengetahui kombinasi perlakuan jenis mulsa dan tingkat pemberian air yang memberikan hasil terbaik.
Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui percobaan faktorial 2 faktor dengan 3 ulangan menggunakan rancangan lingkungan rancangan acak kelompok. Faktor perlakuan yang dicobakan adalah macam mulsa organik (mulsa jerami padi, sekam padi dan serbuk gergaji) dan tingkat pemberian air (100%, 80% dan 60% dari evapotranspirasi aktual).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi perlakuan macam mulsa organik dan tingkat pemberian air berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap semua komponen pengamatan. Demikian pula dengan pengaruh faktor tunggal tingkat pemberian air. Sedangkan faktor tunggal macam mulsa organik berpengaruh nyata pada komponen kerapatan isi tanah, kadar air tanah, bobot kering biji pipilan per petak dan efisiensi penggunaan air tanaman. Hasil bobot kering biji pipilan per petak tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan mulsa jerami padi sebesar 583,49 g per petak atau setara 1,17 ton perhektar.
Kata-kata Kunci: mulsa organic, tingkat pemberian air, sifat tanah, efisiensi penggunaan air, jagung.
Abstract
This experiment aimed to study the effect the application of several organic mulch and different irrigation level on several soil properties, water usage efficiency corn yield, and the combination of organic mulch treatment and irrigation level treatment wich gives the highest yield.
The research was carried out as a Two Factored Factorial experiment with 2 replications using Group Randomized Design. Treatment factors on trial were: type of organic mulch (rice straw mulch, rice husk mulch and saw dust mulch) and levels of irrigation (100%, 80% and 60% of actual evapotranspiration).
Result of this research reveals that interaction between organic mulch treatment and irrigation level treatment do not significantly influence all observed components (bulk density, total pore, soil organic matter, dry weight of loosen seed per plot and crop water usage efficiency). Thus is the effect of irrigation level as single factor. However, type organic mulch as single factor significantly influence, soil moisture content, dry weight of loosen seed per plot and crop water usage efficiency. The highest dry weight of loosen seed per plot and crop water usage efficiency. The highest dry weight of loosen seed per plot obtained through rice straw mulch treatment namely 583.49 gram per plot or equal to 1.17 MT per hectares.
Key Words: organic mulch, irrigation level, soil properties, water usage efficiency, corn.
